nūhou

He mea maʻamau ka lāʻau oxygen i ka hana lapaʻau hou, a ʻo ia ke ʻano kumu o ka mālama ʻana i ka hypoxemia.ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau oxygen maʻamau ka nasal catheter oxygen, oxygen mask simple, Venturi mask oxygen, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka oxygen therapy ʻo ia ka hypoxia a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi pulmonary, ka maʻi obstructive pulmonary maʻi (COPD), ka puʻuwai congestive, pulmonary embolism, a i ʻole ka haʻalulu me ka hōʻeha ʻeha ʻeha.He mea maikaʻi ka lāʻau oxygen no ka poʻe i puhi ʻia, carbon monoxide a i ʻole cyanide poisoning, gas embolism, a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi ʻē aʻe.ʻAʻohe contraindication piha o ka oxygen therapy.

Nasal Cannula

ʻO ka nasal catheter he paipu maʻalahi me ʻelua wahi palupalu i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā puka ihu o ka mea maʻi.He māmā a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā hale maʻi, nā hale o nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi ʻē aʻe.Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka paipu ma hope o ka pepeiao o ka mea maʻi a kau ʻia i mua o ka ʻāʻī, a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu paheʻe e paʻa ai.ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o ka nasal catheter ʻo ia ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea maʻi a hiki ke kamaʻilio, inu a ʻai maʻalahi me ka nasal catheter.

Ke hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen ma o ka nasal catheter, hui pū ka ea a puni me ka oxygen ma nā ʻano like ʻole.Ma keʻano laulā, no kēlā me kēia 1 L / minuke hoʻonui i ke kahe o ka oxygen, piʻi ka inhaled oxygen concentration (FiO2) i ka 4% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ea maʻamau.Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ventila minute, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka nui o ka ea i hoʻokomo ʻia a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i hoʻokahi minuke, a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana ma ka waha, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka oxygen, a laila e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka oxygen inhaled.ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka oxygen ma o ka nasal catheter he 6 L/min, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka kahe o ka oxygen i ka maloʻo a me ka hōʻoluʻolu.

ʻO nā ala hāʻawi oxygen haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e like me ka nasal catheterization, ʻaʻole ia he kuhi pololei loa o FiO2, ʻoiai ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen ma o ka tracheal intubation ventilator.Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kinoea inhaled ma mua o ke kahe o ka oxygen (e like me nā mea maʻi me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā minuke kiʻekiʻe), hoʻomake ka mea maʻi i ka nui o ka ea ambient, e hōʻemi ana i ka FiO2.

Palekana Oxygen

E like me ka nasal catheter, hiki i kahi mask maʻalahi ke hāʻawi i ka oxygen hou i nā poʻe maʻi e hanu ana iā lākou iho.ʻAʻohe ʻeke ea o ka mask maʻalahi, a ʻo nā puka liʻiliʻi ma kēlā ʻaoʻao kēia ʻaoʻao o ka mask e ʻae i ka ea ambient e komo i kou hanu ʻana a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kou wā e hoʻopuka ai.Hoʻoholo ʻia ʻo FiO2 e ka kahe o ka oxygen, mask fit, a me ka ventilation minute hoʻomanawanui.

Ma keʻano laulā, hāʻawiʻia ka oxygen ma kahi kahe o 5 L i kēlā me kēia minuke, e hopena i ka FiO2 o 0.35 a 0.6.Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mahu wai i loko o ka mask, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka mea maʻi, a nalo koke ke kinoea hou.ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka laina oxygen a i ʻole ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kahe o ka oxygen e hiki ai i ka mea maʻi ke inhale i ka lawa ʻole o ka oxygen a hoʻihoʻi hou i ka carbon dioxide exhaled.Pono e hoʻoponopono koke ʻia kēia mau pilikia.Hiki i kekahi poʻe maʻi ke ʻike i ka paʻa ʻana o ka mask.

Palekana ʻole rebreathing

ʻO ka mask hanu houʻole he mask i hoʻololiʻia me kahi waihona oxygen, kahi pahu hopu e hiki ai i ka oxygen ke kahe mai ka waihona i ka wā o ka inhalation, akā e pani i ka waihona i ka exhalation a hiki i ka waihona e hoʻopiha i ka 100% oxygen.ʻAʻole hiki i ka mask hanu hou ke hana iā FiO2 a hiki i ka 0.6 ~ 0.9.

Hiki ke hoʻolako ʻia nā masks hanu hou ʻole me hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka inhalation e pale i ka inhalation o ka ea a puni.Wehe i ka exhalation e hōʻemi i ka inhalation o ke kinoea exhaled a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka wai kalapona kiʻekiʻe