nūhou

ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka US no ka pau ʻana o ka "pilikia olakino olakino" he mea nui i ka hakakā ʻana me SARS-CoV-2. I kona kiʻekiʻe, ua pepehi ka maʻi i nā miliona o ka poʻe a puni ka honua, hoʻopau loa i nā ola a hoʻololi maoli i ka mālama olakino. ʻO kekahi o nā loli i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻoihana mālama olakino ʻo ia ke koi no nā limahana āpau e ʻaʻahu i nā masks, kahi ana i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokō i ka mana kumu a me ka pale ʻana i nā mea āpau i nā hale mālama olakino, a laila e hōʻemi ana i ka laha ʻana o SARS-CoV-2 i loko o nā hale mālama olakino. Eia nō naʻe, me ka pau ʻana o ka "pilikia olakino lehulehu", ʻaʻole i koi hou ʻia nā kikowaena olakino ma ʻAmelika i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana i nā masks no nā limahana āpau, e hoʻi ana (e like me ka hihia ma mua o ka maʻi maʻi) e koi ana i ke komo ʻana i nā masks wale nō i kekahi mau kūlana (e like me ka mālama ʻana o nā limahana lapaʻau i nā maʻi hanu infectious).

He kūpono ʻaʻole pono e koi hou ʻia nā masks ma waho o nā keʻena mālama olakino. ʻO ka palekana i loaʻa mai ka maʻi a me ka maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi, i hui pū ʻia me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ala diagnostic wikiwiki a me nā koho lapaʻau kūpono, ua hōʻemi nui i ka maʻi a me ka make e pili ana me SARS-CoV-2. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi SARS-CoV-2 ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka pilikia ma mua o ka maʻi maʻi a me nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe i ʻae ʻia e ka hapa nui o mākou no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole mākou e koi ʻia e komo i nā masks.

Akā ʻaʻole pili ka hoʻohālikelike i ka mālama olakino, no nā kumu ʻelua. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻokoʻa nā poʻe maʻi maʻi mai ka poʻe ʻaʻole i hoʻokipa ʻia. E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka inoa, hōʻuluʻulu nā halemai i nā poʻe nāwaliwali loa i ka lehulehu holoʻokoʻa, a aia lākou i kahi kūlana pilikia loa (ʻo ia hoʻi ka pilikia). ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē iā SARS-CoV-2 ua hōʻemi i ka maʻi maʻi a me ka make e pili ana i ka maʻi SARS-CoV-2 i ka hapa nui o nā heluna, akā ke noho nei kekahi mau heluna i ka nui o ka maʻi nui a me ka make, me ka poʻe ʻelemakule, immunocompromised populations, a me ka poʻe me nā maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi, e like me ka maʻi maʻi a me ka maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO kēia mau lālā o ka heluna kanaka he hapa nui o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa, a he nui nō hoʻi o lākou e hele pinepine i waho.

ʻO ka lua, ʻo nā maʻi nosocomial i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe ma mua o SARS-CoV-2 he mea maʻamau akā ʻaʻole mahalo ʻia, e like me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole e loaʻa i kēia mau maʻi i ke olakino o nā maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka maʻi influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus, parinfluenza virus a me nā maʻi maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe i kahi alapine kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoili nosocomial a me nā puʻupuʻu hihia. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi o ʻelima mau hihia o ka maʻi pneumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila ma muli paha o ka maʻi maʻi, ma mua o ka bacteria.

Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia nā maʻi e pili ana i nā maʻi hanu i ka maʻi pneumonia. Hiki i ka maʻi maʻi ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā maʻi o lalo o nā maʻi, hiki ke hōʻeha nui. ʻO ka maʻi viral respiratory acute kahi kumu i ʻike ʻia o ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive, exacerbation of heart failure, arrhythmia, ischemic events, neurological events and death. Hoʻopili ʻia ka maʻi maʻi wale nō a hiki i 50,000 mau make ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO nā hana i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻēmi i nā pōʻino pili i ka maʻi influenza, e like me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka nui o nā hanana ischemic, arrhythmias, exacerbations puʻuwai, a me ka make i nā maʻi kiʻekiʻe.

Mai kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā masks i nā hale mālama olakino. Hoʻemi nā masks i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi hanu mai nā poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia. ʻO SARS-CoV-2, nā maʻi maʻi influenza, RSV, a me nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi maʻalahi a me ka asymptomatic, no laila ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe limahana a me nā malihini i ka maʻi, akā ua maʻi ka poʻe asymptomatic a pre-symptomatic a hiki ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i nā maʻi.

GMa ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻo ka "presenteeism" (e hele mai ana i ka hana ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka maʻi) e hoʻomau ʻia, ʻoiai ke noi pinepine ʻana mai nā alakaʻi ʻōnaehana olakino no nā limahana maʻi e noho i ka home. ʻOiai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka laha, ua hōʻike kekahi mau ʻōnaehana olakino he 50% o nā limahana i ʻike ʻia me SARS-CoV-2 i hele mai e hana me nā hōʻailona. ʻO nā haʻawina ma mua a i ka wā o ka laha e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā masks e nā limahana mālama olakino hiki ke hōʻemi i nā maʻi maʻi hanu i loaʻa i ka haukapila ma kahi o 60%