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ʻO Interferon kahi hōʻailona huna ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi i loko o nā mamo o ke kino e hoʻāla ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale, a he laina ia e pale aku ai i ka maʻi maʻi.Ua aʻo ʻia nā interferon Type I (e like me ka alpha a me ka beta) no nā makahiki he mau lāʻau antiviral.Eia naʻe, hōʻike ʻia nā mea loaʻa interferon type I i loko o nā ʻiʻo he nui, no laila ua maʻalahi ka hoʻokele ʻana o ke ʻano I interferon e alakaʻi i kahi overreaction o ka pane ʻana o ke kino, e hopena i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo ka ʻano III interferon (λ) receptors e hōʻike wale ʻia i loko o nā ʻiʻo epithelial a me kekahi mau cell immune, e like me ka māmā, ka ʻōpū hanu, ka ʻōpū, a me ka ate, kahi e hana ai ka novel coronavirus, no laila he liʻiliʻi nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka interferon λ.Hoʻololi ʻia ka PEG-λ e ka polyethylene glycol ma ke kumu o ka interferon λ maoli, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona kaʻa ʻana i ke koko ma mua o ka interferon maoli.Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau haʻawina e loaʻa i ka PEG-λ ka hana antiviral ākea ākea

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻApelila 2020, ua paʻi nā ʻepekema mai ka National Cancer Institute (NCI) i United States, King's College London ma United Kingdom a me nā ʻoihana noiʻi ʻē aʻe i nā manaʻo ma J Exp Med e paipai ana i nā noiʻi lapaʻau e hoʻohana ana i ka interferon λ e mālama iā Covid-19.Ua hoʻolaha pū ʻo Raymond T. Chung, ka luna o ka Hepatobiliary Center ma Massachusetts General Hospital i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i Mei e mālama ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i hoʻomaka ʻia e ka mea noiʻi e loiloi i ka pono o PEG-λ e kūʻē iā Covid-19.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau ʻelua ʻelua i hiki i ka PEG-λ ke hōʻemi nui i ka ukana viral i nā maʻi me COVID-19 [5,6].Ma Pepeluali 9, 2023, ua paʻi ka New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) i nā hopena o kahi hoʻāʻo hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka pae 3 adaptive platform i kapa ʻia ʻo TOGETHER, i alakaʻi ʻia e nā loea Brazil a me Kanada, nāna i loiloi hou i ka hopena therapeutic o PEG-λ i nā maʻi maʻi COVID-19. [7].

ʻO nā maʻi ma waho e hōʻike ana me nā hōʻailona Covid-19 a hōʻike ʻia i loko o 7 mau lā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hōʻailona i loaʻa iā PEG-λ (hoʻokahi subcutaneous injection, 180 μg) a i ʻole placebo (hoʻokahi injection a waha paha).ʻO ka hopena composite mua ka halemai (a i ʻole ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kahi haukapila tertiary) a i ʻole ke kipa ʻoihana pilikia no Covid-19 i loko o 28 mau lā o ka randomization (nānā > 6 mau hola).

Ke hoʻololi nei ka novel coronavirus mai ka wā i puka mai ai.No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ke ʻike inā he hopena curative ka PEG-λ i nā ʻano like ʻole coronavirus novel.Ua hana ka hui i nā loiloi subgroup o nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole i hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi i kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana, me Omicron, Delta, Alpha, a me Gamma.Ua hōʻike nā hopena i ka maikaʻi o ka PEG-λ i nā maʻi āpau i loaʻa i kēia mau ʻano like ʻole, a ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa i nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka Omicron.

Ma keʻano o ka viral load, ua loaʻa i ka PEG-λ ka hopena therapeutic koʻikoʻi i nā poʻe maʻi me ka ukana viral baseline kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka hopena therapeutic koʻikoʻi i nā maʻi me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa viral load.Aneane like keia pono me ka Pfizer's Paxlovid (Nematovir/Ritonavir).

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e lawelawe waha ʻia ʻo Paxlovid me 3 papa ʻelua i ka lā no 5 mau lā.ʻO ka PEG-λ, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, koi wale i kahi injection subcutaneous e hoʻokō i ka hopena like me Paxlovid, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokō.Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻokō, loaʻa iā PEG-λ nā pono ʻē aʻe ma mua o Paxlovid.Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina he mea maʻalahi ʻo Paxlovid i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pili i ka metabolism o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka poʻe me ka maʻi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi Covid-19, e like me nā poʻe maʻi maʻi a me nā maʻi me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, makemake lākou e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka manawa lōʻihi, no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o Paxlovid i kēia mau pūʻulu ma mua o PEG-λ.

Eia kekahi, ʻo Paxlovid kahi mea pale e hoʻopaʻa i nā protease viral.Inā hoʻololi ka protease viral, ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau.Hoʻonui ʻo PEG-λ i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi ma o ka hoʻāla ʻana i ka pale ʻana o ke kino ponoʻī, a ʻaʻole hoʻopaʻa i kekahi ʻano hana maʻi.No laila, ʻoiai inā hoʻololi hou ka maʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana, manaʻo ʻia ka PEG-λ e mālama i kona pono.

Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻōlelo ka FDA ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pilikia o PEG-λ, i ka hōʻeha nui o nā ʻepekema i komo i ka noiʻi.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Eiger no ka mea ʻaʻole i komo ke aʻo ʻana i kahi kikowaena hoʻokolohua lapaʻau US, a no ka mea ua hoʻomaka a alakaʻi ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo e nā mea noiʻi, ʻaʻole nā ​​hui lāʻau.ʻO ka hopena, pono ʻo PEG-λ e hoʻolilo i ka nui o ke kālā a me ka manawa hou aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Ma ke ʻano he lāʻau antiviral ākea ākea, ʻaʻole ʻo PEG-λ e hoʻopaʻa wale i ka novel coronavirus, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ke kino i nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe.Loaʻa i ka PEG-λ ka hopena i ka maʻi maʻi influenza, ka maʻi respiratory syncytial a me nā coronaviruses ʻē aʻe.Ua manaʻo kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki i nā lāʻau interferon λ, inā hoʻohana mua ʻia, hiki ke hoʻopau i ka maʻi mai ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kino.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Eleanor Fish, he immunologist ma ke Kulanui o Toronto ma Kanada ʻaʻole i komo i ke aʻo ʻana TOGETHER: "ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o kēia ʻano interferon e prophylactically, ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i nā poʻe kiʻekiʻe mai ka maʻi i ka wā o nā maʻi."